Green building materials are sustainable, eco-friendly products used in construction to reduce environmental impact throughout their life cycle, from extraction to disposal. Key characteristics include being renewable, recyclable, non-toxic (low-VOC), and energy-efficient. Top examples include bamboo, recycled metal, hemp masonry, cork, and rammed earth.
1. Structural and Walling Materials
Bamboo: A fast-growing, highly renewable, and durable alternative to traditional timber.
Hemp Masonry: A bio-composite of hemp fibres, lime, and water, offering excellent insulation, durability, and low carbon impact.
Rammed Earth: Created by compacting natural soil, sand, and clay, providing high thermal mass and very low environmental impact.
Straw Bales: Used for high-efficiency insulation, offering excellent fire resistance and structural strength.
Mycelium: A biodegradable material derived from mushroom root structures, used for insulation.
2. Insulation and Finishes
Sheep’s Wool: A natural, biodegradable material that absorbs toxins and provides high-quality insulation.
Cork: Harvested from bark without harming trees, it is excellent for acoustic insulation and anti-vibration.
Cellulose: Insulation made from recycled, shredded paper, preventing waste from entering landfills.
Low-VOC Paints: Finishes that release fewer Volatile Organic Compounds, promoting better indoor air quality.
3. Recycled and Sustainable Components
Recycled/Reclaimed Wood: Reduces the need for new timber harvesting and adds character to structures.
Recycled Metal/Steel: Reduces energy-intensive manufacturing processes, offering high durability.
Recycled Plastic: Used for creating durable, lightweight, and eco-friendly bricks.
Recycled Glass: Used in countertops, flooring, and as aggregate for concrete.
4. Energy-Efficient Materials
Solar Tiles/Reflective Roofing: Materials that reduce heat absorption and generate renewable energy.
Earthwool: An insulation made from recycled glass bottles with no added formaldehyde.
Reduced Environmental Footprint: Lower carbon emissions during production and transportation.
Improved Indoor Air Quality: Reduced toxicity, as many materials are non-toxic.
Energy Efficiency: Enhanced insulation, reducing heating and cooling costs.
Waste Reduction: Utilisation of waste products like recycled steel and plastic.